使用StringGrid的方法

(1)正确地设置StringGrid列宽而不截断任何一个文字方法是在对StringGrid填充完文本串后调用SetOptimalGridCellWidth过程
-----------程序片断-------------------------------------------------
(*
$Header$
Module Name : General/BSGrids.pas
Main Program : Several.
Description : StringGrid support functions.
03/21/2000 enhanced by William Sorensen
*)

unit BSGrids;

interface

uses
Grids;

type
TExcludeColumns = set of 0..255;
procedure SetOptimalGridCellWidth(sg: TStringGrid;
ExcludeColumns: TExcludeColumns);
// Sets column widths of a StringGrid to avoid truncation of text.
// Fill grid with desired text strings first.
// If a column contains no text, DefaultColWidth will be used.
// Pass [] for ExcludeColumns to process all columns, including Fixed.
// Columns whose numbers (0-based) are specified in ExcludeColumns will not
// have their widths adjusted.

implementation

uses
Math; // we need the Max function
procedure SetOptimalGridCellWidth(sg: TStringGrid;
ExcludeColumns: TExcludeColumns);

var
i : Integer;
j : Integer;
max_width : Integer;
begin
with sg do
begin
// If the grid's Paint method hasn't been called yet,
// the grid's canvas won't use the right font for TextWidth.
// (TCustomGrid.Paint normally sets this, under DrawCells.)
Canvas.Font.Assign(Font);
for i := 0 to (ColCount - 1) do
begin
if i in ExcludeColumns then
Continue;
max_width := 0;
// Search for the maximal Text width of the current column.
for j := 0 to (RowCount - 1) do
max_width := Math.Max(max_width,Canvas.TextWidth(Cells[i,j]));
// The hardcode of 4 is based on twice the offset from the left
// margin in TStringGrid.DrawCell. GridLineWidth is not relevant.
if max_width > 0 then
ColWidths[i] := max_width + 4
else
ColWidths[i] := DefaultColWidth;
end; { for }
end;
end;

end.
(2)实现StringGrid的删除，插入，排序行操作（基本操作啦）//实现删除操作
Procedure GridRemoveColumn(StrGrid: TStringGrid; DelColumn: Integer);
Var Column: Integer;
begin
If DelColumn <= StrGrid.ColCount then
Begin
For Column := DelColumn To StrGrid.ColCount-1 do
StrGrid.Cols[Column-1].Assign(StrGrid.Cols[Column]);
StrGrid.ColCount := StrGrid.ColCount-1;
End;
end;

//实现添加插入操作
Procedure GridAddColumn(StrGrid: TStringGrid; NewColumn: Integer);
Var Column: Integer;
begin
StrGrid.ColCount := StrGrid.ColCount+1;
For Column := StrGrid.ColCount-1 downto NewColumn do
StrGrid.Cols[Column].Assign(StrGrid.Cols[Column-1]);
StrGrid.Cols[NewColumn-1].Text := '';
end;

//实现排序操作
Procedure GridSort(StrGrid: TStringGrid; NoColumn: Integer);
Var Line, PosActual: Integer;
Row: TStrings;
begin
Renglon := TStringList.Create;
For Line := 1 to StrGrid.RowCount-1 do
Begin
PosActual := Line;
Row.Assign(TStringlist(StrGrid.Rows[PosActual]));
While True do
Begin
If (PosActual = 0) Or (StrToInt(Row.Strings[NoColumn-1]) >= StrToInt(StrGrid.Cells[NoColumn-1,PosActual-1])) then
Break;
StrGrid.Rows[PosActual] := StrGrid.Rows[PosActual-1];
Dec(PosActual);
End;
If StrToInt(Row.Strings[NoColumn-1]) < StrToInt(StrGrid.Cells[NoColumn-1,PosActual]) then
StrGrid.Rows[PosActual] := Row;
End;
Renglon.Free;
end;
(3) TstringGrid 的行列合并研究
unit Unit1;

//建立一工程，
//粘贴本单元代码即可看 STringGrid 行列合并效果
//但发现非固定行非固定列的合并效果不好
interface

uses
Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms, Dialogs,
StdCtrls, Db, ADODB, DBTables, Grids;//注意这里要引用

type
TForm1 = class(TForm)
procedure FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
procedure SGDrawCell(Sender: TObject; ACol, ARow: Integer;
Rect: TRect; State: TGridDrawState);
procedure SGTopLeftChanged(Sender: TObject);
private
{ Private declarations }
public
{ Public declarations }
end;

var
Form1: TForm1;

implementation

{$R *.DFM}

// 以下 StringGrid 为固定行，固定列的合并所必须进行的处理
// 非固定行，非固定列的合并效果不好
var
sg:TStringGrid;
procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
var
i,j:integer ;
begin
Sg:=TStringGrid.Create(self);

with SG do
begin
parent:=self;
align:=alclient;
DefaultDrawing:=false;
FixedColor:=clYellow;
RowCount:=30;
ColCount:=20;
FixedCols:=1;
FixedRows:=1;
GridLineWidth:=0;
Options:=Options+[goEditing]-[goVertLine,goHorzLine,goRangeSelect];
OnDrawCell:=SGDrawCell;
OnTopLeftChanged:=SGTopLeftChanged;
Canvas.Font.name:='宋体';
Canvas.Font.Size:=10;

for i:=0 to colCount-1 do
for j:=0 to RowCount-1 do
cells[i,j]:=Format('%d行%d列',[j,i]);

for i:=0 to colCount-1 do
cells[i,0]:=Format('第%d列',[i]);
for i:=0 to RowCount-1 do
cells[0,i]:=Format('第%d行',[i]);

Cells[0,0]:=' 左上角';
Cells[1,0]:='AA这是列合并BB';
Cells[0,1]:='A这是行'#10'合并BB';
Cells[1,1]:='1111111';
Cells[1,2]:='1111222';
Cells[2,1]:='2222111';
Cells[2,2]:='2222222';
end;
end;

//重载 OnDrawCell 事件
procedure TForm1.SGDrawCell(Sender: TObject; ACol, ARow: Integer;
Rect: TRect; State: TGridDrawState);
var
r:TRect;
d:TStringGrid;
s:string;
ts:TStrings;
i,n:integer;
fixed:Boolean;
begin
d:=TStringGrid(sender);
if (Acol=2) and (ARow=0) then
begin
r.left:=Rect.left-1-d.colwidths[ACol-1];
r.top:=rect.top-1;
r.right:=rect.right;
r.bottom:=rect.bottom;
s:=d.cells[ACol-1,ARow];
end else
if (Acol=1) and (ARow=0) then
begin
r.left:=Rect.left-1;
r.top:=rect.top-1;
r.right:=rect.right+d.colwidths[ACol+1];
r.bottom:=rect.bottom;
s:=d.cells[ACol,ARow];
end //////////以上列合并
else
if (Acol=0) and (ARow=2) then
begin
r.left:=Rect.left-1;
r.top:=rect.top-1-d.RowHeights[ARow-1];
r.right:=rect.right;
r.bottom:=rect.bottom;
s:=d.cells[ACol,ARow-1];
end else
if (Acol=1) and (ARow=0) then
begin
r.left:=Rect.left-1;
r.top:=rect.top-1;
r.right:=rect.right;
r.bottom:=rect.bottom+d.RowHeights[ARow+1];
s:=d.cells[ACol,ARow];
end ////////以上为行合并
else
begin
r.left:=Rect.left-1;
r.top:=rect.top-1;
r.right:=rect.right;
r.bottom:=rect.bottom;
s:=d.cells[ACol,ARow];
end;

d.Canvas.brush.color:=d.color;
d.canvas.Font.color:=$ff0000;

Fixed:=false;
if (Arow<d.FixedRows) or (ACol<d.Fixedcols) then
begin
d.Canvas.brush.color:=d.FixedColor;
d.Canvas.Font.color:=$ff00ff;
Fixed:=True;
//d.Canvas.Font.style:=d.Canvas.Font.style+[fsBold];
end;
if gdfocused in state then
begin
d.canvas.Brush.color:=$00ff00;
end;
if fixed then
begin
d.Canvas.Pen.color:=$0;
d.canvas.Rectangle(r);

d.Canvas.Pen.color:=$f0f0f0;
d.Canvas.Pen.Width:=2;
d.canvas.Moveto(r.left+1,r.top+2);
d.canvas.Lineto(r.left+r.right,r.top+2);

d.Canvas.Pen.color:=$808080;
d.Canvas.Pen.Width:=1;
d.canvas.Moveto(r.Left+1,r.bottom-1);
d.canvas.Lineto(r.left+r.right,r.bottom-1);

end else
begin
d.Canvas.Pen.color:=$0;
d.Canvas.Pen.Width:=1;
d.canvas.Rectangle(r);
end;
n:=r.top+4;
ts:=TStringList.Create;
ts.CommaText:=s;
for i:=0 to ts.Count-1 do
begin
d.canvas.Textout(r.left+4,n,ts[i]);
inc(n,d.RowHeights[ARow]);
end;
end;

//重载 OnTopLeftChange事件,特别是行的合并
procedure TForm1.SGTopLeftChanged(Sender: TObject);
var
d:TStringGrid;
begin
d:=TStringGrid(Sender);
d.Cells[0,1]:=d.Cells[0,1];
d.Cells[0,2]:=d.Cells[0,2];
end;

end.
(4)让stringgrid点列头进行排序procedure GridQuickSort(Grid: TStringGrid; ACol: Integer; Order: Boolean ; NumOrStr: Boolean);
(******************************************************************************)
(* 函数名称：GridQuickSort *)
(* 函数功能：给 StringGrid 的 ACol 列快速法排序 _/_/ _/_/ _/_/_/_/_/ *)
(* 参数说明: _/ _/ _/ *)
(* Order: True 从小到大 _/ _/ *)
(* : False 从大到小 _/ _/ *)
(* NumOrStr : true 值的类型是Integer _/_/ _/_/ *)
(* : False 值的类型是String *)
(* 函数说明：对于日期，时间等类型数据均可按字符方式排序， *)
(* *)
(* *)(******************************************************************************)
procedure MoveStringGridData(Grid: TStringGrid; Sou,Des :Integer );
var
TmpStrList: TStringList ;
K : Integer ;
begin
try
TmpStrList :=TStringList.Create() ;
TmpStrList.Clear ;
for K := Grid.FixedCols to Grid.ColCount -1 do
TmpStrList.Add(Grid.Cells[K,Sou]) ;
Grid.Rows [Sou] := Grid.Rows [Des] ;
for K := Grid.FixedCols to Grid.ColCount -1 do
Grid.Cells [K,Des]:= TmpStrList.Strings[K] ;
finally
TmpStrList.Free ;
end;
end;

procedure QuickSort(Grid: TStringGrid; iLo, iHi: Integer);
var
Lo, Hi : Integer;
Mid: String ;
begin
Lo := iLo ;
Hi := iHi ;
Mid := Grid.Cells[ACol,(Lo + Hi) div 2];
repeat
if Order and not NumOrStr then //按正序、字符排
begin
while Grid.Cells[ACol,Lo] < Mid do Inc(Lo);
while Grid.Cells[ACol,Hi] > Mid do Dec(Hi);
end ;
if not Order and not NumOrStr then //按反序、字符排
begin
while Grid.Cells[ACol,Lo] > Mid do Inc(Lo);
while Grid.Cells[ACol,Hi] < Mid do Dec(Hi);
end;

if NumOrStr then
begin
if Grid.Cells[ACol,Lo] = '' then Grid.Cells[ACol,Lo] := '0' ;
if Grid.Cells[ACol,Hi] = '' then Grid.Cells[ACol,Hi] := '0' ;
if Mid = '' then Mid := '0' ;
if Order then
begin //按正序、数字排
while StrToFloat(Grid.Cells[ACol,Lo]) < StrToFloat(Mid) do Inc(Lo);
while StrToFloat(Grid.Cells[ACol,Hi]) > StrToFloat(Mid) do Dec(Hi);
end else
begin //按反序、数字排
while StrToFloat(Grid.Cells[ACol,Lo]) > StrToFloat(Mid) do Inc(Lo);
while StrToFloat(Grid.Cells[ACol,Hi]) < StrToFloat(Mid) do Dec(Hi);
end;
end ;
if Lo <= Hi then
begin
MoveStringGridData(Grid, Lo, Hi) ;
Inc(Lo);
Dec(Hi);
end;
until Lo > Hi;
if Hi > iLo then QuickSort(Grid, iLo, Hi);
if Lo < iHi then QuickSort(Grid, Lo, iHi);
end;

begin
try
QuickSort(Grid, Grid.FixedRows, Grid.RowCount - 1 ) ;
except
on E: Exception do
Application.MessageBox(Pchar('系统在排序数据的时候遇到异常:'#13+E.message+#13'请重试，如果该问题依然存在请与程序供应商联系！'),'系统错误',MB_OK+MB_ICONERROR) ;
end;
end;

procedure StringGridTitleDown(Sender: TObject;
Button: TMouseButton; X, Y: Integer);
(******************************************************************************)
(* 函数名称：StringGridTitleDown *)
(* 函数功能：取鼠标点StringGrid 的列 _/_/ _/_/ _/_/_/_/_/ *)
(* 参数说明: _/ _/ _/ *)
(* Sender _/ _/ *)
(*(*
(******************************************************************************)
var
I: Integer ;
begin
if (Y > 0 ) and (y < TStringGrid(Sender).DefaultRowHeight * TStringGrid(Sender).FixedRows ) then
begin
if Button = mbLeft then
begin
I := X div TStringGrid(Sender).DefaultColWidth ;
//这个i 就是要排序得行了
// 下面调用上面的排序函数就可以了，
GridQuickSort(TStringGrid(Sender), I, False, True) ;
end;
end;
end;

用上面的两个函数就能解决你的问题了。在TStringGrid 的MouseDown事件中调用StringGridTitleDown 函数就可以。你可能要修改一下StringGridTitleDown函数来修改排序得方式及其字符类型。
提醒你一下对于日期、时间、布尔等类型数据均可按字符方式排序。
例如：

procedure TForm_Main.StringGrid1MouseDown(Sender: TObject; Button: TMouseButton; Shift: TShiftState; X, Y: Integer);
begin
StringGridTitleDown(Sender,Button,X,Y);
end;